why was maximilien robespierre important

How did Maximilien Robespierre come to power? | Britannica His first name was Maximilien. Our experts can answer your tough homework and study questions. Robespierre was well-educated from a young age and grew up to value academic learning and knowledge. He is important for his political idealism and more. He was the most powerful member of the Committee of Public Safety. He gained a reputation for defending the poorest of society and earned the nickname "the incorruptible" for his adherence to strict moral values. He also opposed the death penalty and slavery. The battle cry of the French Revolution was Libert galit . It was followed by the disarming of the committee, the emptying of the prisons, and the purging of Jacobin clubs. He was fully committed to the ideals of the Revolution. https://www.britannica.com/summary/Maximilien-Robespierre. Why was Maximilien Robespierre important to France? However, Robespierre ended up achieving many lasting accomplishments, such helping to create a more democratic French government system, which stemmed from his unwavering focus on virtue and law over monarchy. He also served as president of the National Convention and on the Committee of Public Safety. By now, the terror had become so bloody that the common people began to turn against it. Take a step back from your musings and be sure youre not sacrificing your present for an uncertain future. Social and political life became freer, more extravagant, and more personally corrupt. . A ltima localizao conhecida da Arca da Aliana - Inexplicvel com William Shatner, Desvendados segredos da espada de cavaleiro das Cruzadas encontrada em Israel, Arquelogos encontram "caverna de bruxas" de 1.700 anos em Israel, Quem foi Oppenheimer? When he was a young boy, his mother died, and his father abandoned the family. Why was the reign of Charlemagne important? He was an orphan, raised by his grandparents that didn't love him. After a time he left the legislature to push his agenda outside of government. Maximilien Robespierre: Beliefs vs Actions | Academy 4SC Civilization & Science The truth is likely somewhere in the middle, though well never know for sure. Fall of Maximilien Robespierre - Wikipedia Discuss the factors that led to the rise of medieval universities, their organisation and the Muslim contribution to their development. The French Revolution elevated man's reason as ultimate, and attempted to discard the past with its hierarchies, hereditary kings, extravagances, and laws. This was a period of time when thousands of people were being executed for unfair reasons because of Robespierre- an absolute monarch who believed that torture and terror were required to have a strong constitutional law. He died guillotined like many of the French revolutionaries. However, wed likely each rank these aspects differently. The French Revolution was a major failure and a minor success. Why was Baron von Steuben important to the American Revolution? People loved executions and made a social event of it. While every effort has been made to follow citation style rules, there may be some discrepancies. Maximillien Robespierre - Was He Bad ? : r/history - Reddit Often regarded as a bloodthirsty dictator, he was later valued for his social ideals of reducing inequality and ensuring work for all. Maximilien de Robespierre was a radical Jacobin leader and one of the principal figures in the .css-47aoac{-webkit-text-decoration:underline;text-decoration:underline;text-decoration-thickness:0.0625rem;text-decoration-color:inherit;text-underline-offset:0.25rem;color:#A00000;-webkit-transition:all 0.3s ease-in-out;transition:all 0.3s ease-in-out;}.css-47aoac:hover{color:#595959;text-decoration-color:border-link-body-hover;}French Revolution. Specify between which dates you want to search, and what keywords you are looking for. [Solved] why is Maximilien Robespierre: Justification of the Use of }); The Committee of Public Safety held a great deal of power over France, and, as a member of the committee, so did Robespierre. Until he went drunk with power and abused his position, which turned the French people against him and led to his. For Robespierre, the terror had an important, moral basis. 2023 Hearst Magazine Media, Inc. Site contains certain content that is owned A&E Television Networks, LLC. .css-m6thd4{-webkit-text-decoration:none;text-decoration:none;display:block;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;font-family:Gilroy,Helvetica,Arial,Sans-serif;font-size:1.125rem;line-height:1.2;font-weight:bold;color:#323232;text-transform:capitalize;}@media (any-hover: hover){.css-m6thd4:hover{color:link-hover;}}Why Lewis Strauss Didn't Like Oppenheimer. Maximilien Robespierre used a wide array of methods of varying morality in his pursuit of creating a united France. The committee of public safety had many goals but the main goal was to protect the revolution from its enemies. Arts & Culture 1769 - 1777. He was determined to bring about a republic of virtue. Maximilien Robespierre: Important Events 1. 1. Answer: Maximilien Robespierre was a radical democrat and key figure in the French Revolution of 1789. Inside Jimmy and Rosalynn Carters 77-Year Love, Hunter Biden and Other Presidential Problem Kids, These Are the Major 2024 Presidential Candidates, Controversial Judge Aileen Cannon Not Out Just Yet, Russia Wants to Arrest Senator Lindsey Graham, 10 Wild Things George Santos Has Said and Done. It is well laid out and suits the needs of my students. He defended Jews and black slaves and strongly believed in equality for all in the eyes of the law. He was renowned for his moral values and exceptional ideas for the future of France. Why was the Reign of Terror significant for the French Revolution? At university he was influenced by Enlightenment thinkers, and the idea of a republic of virtue. At this point in his career, Robespierre was also firmly opposed to the death penalty and to the use of particularly harsh or degrading punishments on those convicted of crimes. After a power struggle in the revolutionary government, the Jacobins came out on top. In short, Robespierre represented the radical wing of the French Revolution. 4 May 1789. Robespierre is someone that describes the earlier statements. The French revolutionaries had tried to create a new calendar with new names for the months, so the date of Robespierre's overthrow was actually recorded as 9 Thermidor. In reality, his contribution is terrorizing the people and tarnishing the values of the government. States & Territories Robespierre first made a name for himself as a lawyer of the people. B.) He too was killed by the guillotine. Robespierre became convinced that in order to save the revolution, blood would need to be shed, and he pushed the Committee of Public Safety to act. I have used it over and over again. These two greatly unpopular moves sealed Robespierres fate. Make sure to familiarize yourself with our rules and guidelines before participating. Although he studied in Paris, he returned to Arras to practice law. He also gained influence and power by associating himself with the Jacobins. When he received word that the National Convention had declared him an outlaw, he tried to commit suicide but succeeded only in wounding his jaw. he declared himself an enlightened monarch. His energetic leadership was important in French military victories against other foreign powers. Under Robespierre's eye, thousands were sent to the guillotine in what is called the Reign of Terror. Many historians who defend his character, view him as having been a young demagogue with impassioned theories, a love of learning, and a hatred of royal power, who was merely out of his depth when it came to experience. Below is the article summary. Jones, Colin. , vol 119, issue 3, pp 689713, June 2014. His greatest detriment? A coalition of European armies were massed on the border determined to crush the Revolution. Many members, fearing that they were the ones he was talking about, banded together to organize his arrest. In Robespierre's view, people standing in the way of the creation of this republic of virtue had to be eliminated. He sought to end slavery in the French colonies. To this day, historians hold divided opinions on Robespierre. He led a group called the Jacobins who were vital to the success of the revolution. In the latter months of 1793 he came to dominate the Committee of Public Safety, the principal organ of the . As a younger teen I always looked at him as someone who was good. The French Revolution helped the French people become a more equal and socialist state. Archived post. Maximilien Robespierre is often seen as the villain of the French Revolution, even more so than Louis XVI. What was Robespierres greatest accomplishment? Search through the entire ancient history timeline. Which issues divided Americans most significantly during the culture wars of the 1980s and 1990s? All other trademarks and copyrights are the property of their respective owners. Robespierre was absolutely convinced that this was best for France, and that the bloody ends justified the means. Meanwhile, things got messy. Even though Robespierre was seen as a maniac by some, he worked hard to create a more equitable system of imprisonment in France, which was enacted after the revolution. Explore the life of Maximilien Robespierre and his role in the French Revolution. Robespierre's power base was the poorest Paris workers who wanted the Revolution to produce something for them, not just the intellectuals and bourgeoisie. The Two Monsters of the French Revolution Who Were Consumed by Power He became increasingly popular with the people for his attacks on the French monarchy and his advocacy for democratic reforms. This is a somewhat more serious subreddit compared to many others. 7 chapters | Even though his ideas were seen as extreme, his focus on liberty and fraternity earned him many radical followers. Thanks! Harry Sandwith is a 16 year old English boy. This revolution eventually inspired others throughout the world as it was successful in gaining the colonies independence from a powerful European empire. Why was Louis XIV significant to world history? Ultimately, The Reign of Terror in France was not justified because the threats did not require it, the methods were too extreme and It did not support the ideals of the revolution. Here's why Maximilien Robespierre Started YouTube - Facebook By accepting all cookies, you agree to our use of cookies to deliver and maintain our services and site, improve the quality of Reddit, personalize Reddit content and advertising, and measure the effectiveness of advertising. Why is Marie Antoinette important to world history? Some insist that Robespierre was a scapegoat for the gross injustices that occurred. Shortly after, troops from the National Convention stormed the building and seized and arrested Robespierre and his followers. After moving to Paris an order of events start to happen after an arrest warrant is ordered for all the members of noble families. It is always nice when I don't have to write my own lesson plan, While Robespierre attended the National Assembly first as a deputy and then as a secretary, he didnt have any great authority until after King. How did Robespierre die? Define, describe, and explain the Zimmerman Telegram and Ferdinand Maximilian von Hapsburg (18321867) in the history of Mexico. We strive for accuracy and fairness.If you see something that doesn't look right,contact us! An attorney by trade, Robespierre was known as the "Incorruptible." I have been reading a lot recently and I'm no expert by any means. In order to keep control over the revolution, the Committee of Public Safety was founded, and Robespierre became a prominent member. Why did Napoleon crown himself Emperor of France? She has been teaching English in Canada and Taiwan for seven years. The committee saw to it that the supposed enemies of the Revolution be eliminated by sending them to the guillotine. What factors led to Robespierre becoming a dictator? He was selected to read a poem to the King of France under the rain, and the King didn't even get out of the carriage. This was a big step forward to fixing the rigid social structure of France and opposing the monarchys oppression of peasants. Many important ideologies were developed during this time period. Around the same time, Robespierre had insisted upon the need for a new official religion of France based on Deist beliefs. He made a public appearance where he preached about this new Cult of the Supreme Being. King Louis youth depicted him as reckless, thoughtless, and unwise. Maximilien Robespierre (1758-1794) was a lawyer and, from 1789, an increasingly important and controversial political figure during the French Revolution. The current western political philosophies in France is the result of the French Revolution which introduced the principles of civic equality and popular sovereignty that challenged the historical Three Estates. He started out representing the Third. Robespierre had noble goals for the French Revolution, including: During this time, France was a bit of a mess with massive debt, food shortages, and high taxes on the poor. At the age of eleven, Robespierre won a scholarship to Louis-le-Grand, a very prestigious school in Paris. Why was the king killed in the French Revolution? ISBN: 978-0-300-11811-7. From his days as a lawyer, Robespierre believed in the importance of equality before the law as well as the need to have direct elections when selecting officials. Why was the storming of the Bastille important? He was elected to the Committee of Public Safety, formed to oversee the government, on July 27, 1793. Privacy Policy. The king must die so that the country can live. Maximilien Robespierre was important during the French Revolution because of his role as leader of the Reign of Terror. In 1783, Robespierre's career began to shift into public service and politics. Copyright 2023 IPL.org All rights reserved. $('.chk_timeline_types:checked').each(function(elem) { While Robespierre attended the National Assembly first as a deputy and then as a secretary, he didnt have any great authority until after King Louis XVIs execution. He also helped bring about a more equitable system for imprisonment (enforced after the revolution). He was nicknamed the Incorruptible because he was not interested in personal wealth or acclaim. He wasnt the only leader who caused the Reign of Terror but he did play a large role. Then, as the chaos reached a zenith, the Revolution suddenly devoured its two most vehement practitioners. For instance, he wanted to extend the suffrage to all men. Encyclopaedia Britannica's editors oversee subject areas in which they have extensive knowledge, whether from years of experience gained by working on that content or via study for an advanced degree. In 1792, the King was arrested (and later guillotined in 1793), and France declared war on Austria and Prussia. After the revolution, his rhetoric helped to end public hangings for good, creating a system where people would be tried instead of just executed or sent to prison by a lettre de cachet (an order of arbitrary imprisonment that anyone could send in, out of spite, or without good reason). His mother died when he was 6 years old, and his father left the family soon after. Migration & Trade copyright 2003-2023 Homework.Study.com. Finally, he lost one of these disputes and he was executedlike thousands before himon the guillotine. timelineTypesChecked.push(this.value); cause he helped with the french revolution Robespierre's surname was what? 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The French Revolution was mostly a failure because of the ineffective execution of reforms and unnecessary massacre of lives. After all, he was one man among many who were part of the powerful committee. Robespierres call for all men to vote, not just the rich who owned property, inspired many within the third estate. He had good intentions for France, he opposed slavery, he wanted to see people break from kings and aristocrats, etc. He also helped to bring about a more equitable and fair prison system and a resurgence in academic learning. On July 26th, 1794, Robespierre gave a speech before the Committee of Public Safety and the Jacobin Club in which he tried to defend himself and his choices during the Terror. He was elected to the Estates general for his attacks on the French monarchy and advocacy for democratic reform. He was arrested, and executed, fittingly, by guillotine the next day July 28, 1794. As he grew more extreme, he also became less popular, and was eventually overthrown in much the same way he had originally overthrown the king. War(fare) & Battles Regardless of how much authority Robespierre actually held in the Committee of Public Safety, he still played a role in the Reign of Terror. Robespierre briefly presided over the influential Jacobin Club, a political club based in Paris. I thoroughly enjoyed this lesson plan and so do my students. Photo: DEA / G. DAGLI ORTI/De Agostini via Getty Images, Why Lewis Strauss Didn't Like Oppenheimer, Name: Maximilien de Robespierre, Birth Year: 1758, Birth date: May 6, 1758, Birth City: Arras, Birth Country: France. Why is the Haitian Revolution important to Thomas Jefferson? All rights reserved. The French Revolution was a very problematic time period. With the war against Austria and Prussia going badly, violent mobs in the countryside, and political disunion in Paris, the Committee of Public Safety used terror to try and control and stabilize France. I feel like its a lifeline. My question is: what do you (historians or history lovers) think of Maximilien Robespierre? Still need a conclusion. It signaled the end of the Reign of Terror, the end of Jacobin dominance of the French Revolution (1789-1799), and the beginning of the Thermidorian Reaction. To unlock this lesson you must be a Study.com Member. In an attempt to deal with these problems, the tats-Gnraux, or Estates-General (parts of the French government representing the three estates), convened for the first time since 1614. A Plagued Mind: The Justification of Violence within the Principles of Maximilien Robespierre. Providence College, Spring 2013. Maximilien de Robespierre, (born May 6, 1758, Arras, Francedied July 28, 1794, Paris), French revolutionary. In April 1789, Robespierre was elected president of the powerful Jacobin political faction. By the summer of 1794, many in the Revolutionary government began to question his motives, as the country was no longer threatened by outside enemies. Maximilien Robespierre was a leader of the French Revolution. Accessed 25 July 2023. Who are the experts?Our certified Educators are real professors, teachers, and scholars who use their academic expertise to tackle your toughest questions. Here are 10 facts about one of France's most famous revolutionaries, Maximilien Robespierre. On 10 Thermidor, Year II in the new revolutionary calendar - 28 July 1794 to us today - Maximilien Robespierre climbed the steps to the guillotine stationed in Paris's Place de la Rvolution. When Robespierre joined the Estates-General as a representative of Arras, he was quickly elected leader of the Jacobins. It was inhumane to murder a colossal amount of people based on accusations and from being blinded from greediness. Fall of Maximilien Robespierre - World History Encyclopedia enemies being nobles and other nearby monarchies. . Robespierre seems to have stood for everything the Enlightenment was about. Without it, Robespierre would not have been able to rally so much of the public and kill so many people. After all of the blood shed, the laws, civil rights, and codes did not get instituted effectively and did not represent the values that the citizens had fought for. Robespierre took control after his death and caused more problems for France and killed anyone who was not passionate enough about his ruling. The First Estate was the Catholic clergy, and the Second Estate was the aristocracy. This was a period of time when thousands of people were being executed for unfair reasons because of Robespierre- an absolute monarch who believed that torture and terror were required to have a strong constitutional law. Odds are you thought about world peace, global health, the end of poverty, and an overall raised standard of living. Robespierre was called "the Incorruptible" for his simple manner and clothing. Cookie Notice While living with the family in France the French Revolution begins to worry the Cox family because they support the King and Paris. Latest answer posted December 20, 2016 at 1:47:16 PM. France saw the return of bourgeois values, corruption and further military failure. What do you think of Maximilien Robespierre? : r/history - Reddit Early in the revolution, Robespierre became famous his long, and impassioned speeches on enlightenment philosophy. We care about our planet! While his name might be synonymous with power-hungriness, blood-thirstiness, and possibly madness, he was actually quite accomplished as a radical thinker and revolutionary, as he was hell-bent on societal change. The coup was primarily a reassertion of the rights of the National Convention against the Committee of Public Safety and of the nation against the Paris Commune. Feel free to submit interesting articles, tell us about this cool book you just read, or start a discussion about who everyone's favorite figure of minor French nobility is! Robespierre studies at the Louis-le-Grand college in Paris; during his studies, he is acquainted with the works of Rousseau. Maximilien Robespierre was important during the French Revolution because of his role as leader of the Reign of Terror. Though fairly well-off himself, Robespierre was a devoted advocate for the poor, and one of the most forceful advocates for the abolition of slavery in the French Empire. He also served as president of the National Convention and on the Committee of Public Safety. A successful lawyer in Arras (1781-89), he was elected to the National Assembly (1789), where he became notorious as an outspoken radical in favour of individual rights. For more information, please see our In the speech of 8 Thermidor, Robespierre spoke of the existence of internal enemies, conspirators, and . Learn the reason for Robespierre's death. His arrest and execution is sometimes called the Thermidorian Reaction as Robespierre was brought down by people reacting against his terror. A.) This was an opportunity for members of the Third Estate to advocate for change. May 5, 1789, the beginning of the infamous French Revolution. You may remember that French society had three estates: the first estate was the clergy of the Catholic church, the second estate the aristocracy, and the third estate was everybody else. Remember that for Robespierre, service to the state was the highest virtue, so he would rather kill his friends than see the revolution fail. He grew up in the city of Arras in northern France. (Abolition of the Feudal System, 1789). Reddit and its partners use cookies and similar technologies to provide you with a better experience. The Third Estate represented the common people. Maximilien Robespierre was a leader of the French Revolution. However, he is not entirely to blame due to several other highly contributing factors. While its aims were based in creating a republic of virtue, the means were so violent and tyrannical that they had to result in Robespierre losing the support of the people and of his own party. The History While Robespierre attended the National Assembly first as a deputy and then as a secretary, he didn't have any great authority until after King Louis XVI's execution. Its hard to reconcile these acts with the personal beliefs and actions of the man just a few years prior. eNotes Editorial, 19 May 2020, https://www.enotes.com/homework-help/what-good-things-did-maximilian-robespierre-do-715426. Start your 48-hour free trial to get access to more than 30,000 additional guides and more than 350,000 Homework Help questions answered by our experts.